Responses to the questions sent to the European Commission by the Stakeholders and National Contact Points are shared on the page below.

 

Under normal circumstances, general questions and answers on call topics (if any) are available in the "Topic related FAQ" of the relevant call topic on the Funding and Tenders Portal.

HORIZON-CL5-2023-D3-03-01: Increasing the efficiency of innovative static energy conversion devices for electricity and heat/cold generation

Q1. 
What is the contextual meaning of Expected Outcome, sentence 2: "The results are expected to contribute to at least three of the outcomes in A and B". For one project, does it mean that we have to cover at least three different technologies from the A list? (E.g. Thermoelectric, Thermovoltaic, and Thermionic.) Or could we combine three bullet points ("technologies") from A and B? (E.g. Thermoelectric, heat recovery, heat/cold generation from electricity.)

  • The text specifies: “The results are expected to contribute to at least three of the outcomes in A and B”, i.e.: at least 1A & 2B or 2A & 1 B.

Q2. 
When defining the technologies in A, the bullet point list is of "energy conversion devices using physical effects such as"…
Does the wording "such as" mean that other physical effects/technologies than the five ones listed in A could be within the scope? 
One example could be the magnetocaloric effect, which is very similar to the electrocaloric effect.

  • Yes, other physical effects/technologies than the five ones listed in A could be within the scope. Other physical effect/technologies addressed should be “in line” with the examples given.

Q3. 
The Expected Outcome starts with the following sentence: "Projects are expected to develop further the harvesting of renewable energy in areas/conditions where other conversion systems are less efficient, less convenient or not possible." Does this mean that all the activities should rely on renewable energy, or is it sufficient that only one of the three technologies is based on harvesting of renewable energy?

  • The focus lays on renewable energy. Though, the text also includes waste/unused excess energy. This should be in line with the expected outcome from section B. 

Q4. 
The outcomes in B include "heat/cold generation from electricity" and "applications in areas such as industrial, automotive …". 
Should this be linked to renewable energy? As an example, should the electricity for heating/cooling be provided by renewable energy?

  • The link to renewable energy is preferable but this is also ok to consider heating/cooling be provided by renewable energy. 

Q5. 
In Scope (1) first bullet, there is explicit mention of "applications in energy waste recovery (e.g., industry,…)". 
Does this mean that energy harvesting is really not limited to renewable energy as stated in the first sentence?

  • Indeed, this is right, energy harvesting is really not limited to renewable energy

Q6. 
Which and how many outcomes should be the focus of the research project? Is it correct to choose (at least) three outcomes from the bullet-pointed list made of A plus B?

  • The text specifies: “The results are expected to contribute to at least three of the outcomes in A and B”, i.e.: at least 1A & 2B or 2A & 1 B.

Q7.

Which and how many pilots should be developed during the research project? / how can we develop three pilots in three different EU Member States/Associated Countries?

  • Validation/demonstration of the activities developed in (1) with at least one pilot for each technology in different EU Member States/Associated Countries.

HORIZON-CL5-2023-D3-03-01: Increasing the efficiency of innovative static energy conversion devices for electricity and heat/cold generation

Q1. 
What is the contextual meaning of Expected Outcome, sentence 2: "The results are expected to contribute to at least three of the outcomes in A and B". For one project, does it mean that we have to cover at least three different technologies from the A list? (E.g. Thermoelectric, Thermovoltaic, and Thermionic.) Or could we combine three bullet points ("technologies") from A and B? (E.g. Thermoelectric, heat recovery, heat/cold generation from electricity.)

  • The text specifies: “The results are expected to contribute to at least three of the outcomes in A and B”, i.e.: at least 1A & 2B or 2A & 1 B.

Q2. 
When defining the technologies in A, the bullet point list is of "energy conversion devices using physical effects such as"…
Does the wording "such as" mean that other physical effects/technologies than the five ones listed in A could be within the scope? 
One example could be the magnetocaloric effect, which is very similar to the electrocaloric effect.

  • Yes, other physical effects/technologies than the five ones listed in A could be within the scope. Other physical effect/technologies addressed should be “in line” with the examples given.

Q3. 
The Expected Outcome starts with the following sentence: "Projects are expected to develop further the harvesting of renewable energy in areas/conditions where other conversion systems are less efficient, less convenient or not possible." Does this mean that all the activities should rely on renewable energy, or is it sufficient that only one of the three technologies is based on harvesting of renewable energy?

  • The focus lays on renewable energy. Though, the text also includes waste/unused excess energy. This should be in line with the expected outcome from section B. 

Q4. 
The outcomes in B include "heat/cold generation from electricity" and "applications in areas such as industrial, automotive …". 
Should this be linked to renewable energy? As an example, should the electricity for heating/cooling be provided by renewable energy?

  • The link to renewable energy is preferable but this is also ok to consider heating/cooling be provided by renewable energy. 

Q5. 
In Scope (1) first bullet, there is explicit mention of "applications in energy waste recovery (e.g., industry,…)". 
Does this mean that energy harvesting is really not limited to renewable energy as stated in the first sentence?

  • Indeed, this is right, energy harvesting is really not limited to renewable energy

Q6. 
Which and how many outcomes should be the focus of the research project? Is it correct to choose (at least) three outcomes from the bullet-pointed list made of A plus B?

  • The text specifies: “The results are expected to contribute to at least three of the outcomes in A and B”, i.e.: at least 1A & 2B or 2A & 1 B.

Q7.

Which and how many pilots should be developed during the research project? / how can we develop three pilots in three different EU Member States/Associated Countries?

  • Validation/demonstration of the activities developed in (1) with at least one pilot for each technology in different EU Member States/Associated Countries.

HORIZON-CL5-2023-D3-03-01: Increasing the efficiency of innovative static energy conversion devices for electricity and heat/cold generation

Q1. 
What is the contextual meaning of Expected Outcome, sentence 2: "The results are expected to contribute to at least three of the outcomes in A and B". For one project, does it mean that we have to cover at least three different technologies from the A list? (E.g. Thermoelectric, Thermovoltaic, and Thermionic.) Or could we combine three bullet points ("technologies") from A and B? (E.g. Thermoelectric, heat recovery, heat/cold generation from electricity.)

  • The text specifies: “The results are expected to contribute to at least three of the outcomes in A and B”, i.e.: at least 1A & 2B or 2A & 1 B.

Q2. 
When defining the technologies in A, the bullet point list is of "energy conversion devices using physical effects such as"…
Does the wording "such as" mean that other physical effects/technologies than the five ones listed in A could be within the scope? 
One example could be the magnetocaloric effect, which is very similar to the electrocaloric effect.

  • Yes, other physical effects/technologies than the five ones listed in A could be within the scope. Other physical effect/technologies addressed should be “in line” with the examples given.

Q3. 
The Expected Outcome starts with the following sentence: "Projects are expected to develop further the harvesting of renewable energy in areas/conditions where other conversion systems are less efficient, less convenient or not possible." Does this mean that all the activities should rely on renewable energy, or is it sufficient that only one of the three technologies is based on harvesting of renewable energy?

  • The focus lays on renewable energy. Though, the text also includes waste/unused excess energy. This should be in line with the expected outcome from section B. 

Q4. 
The outcomes in B include "heat/cold generation from electricity" and "applications in areas such as industrial, automotive …". 
Should this be linked to renewable energy? As an example, should the electricity for heating/cooling be provided by renewable energy?

  • The link to renewable energy is preferable but this is also ok to consider heating/cooling be provided by renewable energy. 

Q5. 
In Scope (1) first bullet, there is explicit mention of "applications in energy waste recovery (e.g., industry,…)". 
Does this mean that energy harvesting is really not limited to renewable energy as stated in the first sentence?

  • Indeed, this is right, energy harvesting is really not limited to renewable energy

Q6. 
Which and how many outcomes should be the focus of the research project? Is it correct to choose (at least) three outcomes from the bullet-pointed list made of A plus B?

  • The text specifies: “The results are expected to contribute to at least three of the outcomes in A and B”, i.e.: at least 1A & 2B or 2A & 1 B.

Q7.

Which and how many pilots should be developed during the research project? / how can we develop three pilots in three different EU Member States/Associated Countries?

  • Validation/demonstration of the activities developed in (1) with at least one pilot for each technology in different EU Member States/Associated Countries.

HORIZON-CL5-2023-D3-03-01: Increasing the efficiency of innovative static energy conversion devices for electricity and heat/cold generation

Q1. 
What is the contextual meaning of Expected Outcome, sentence 2: "The results are expected to contribute to at least three of the outcomes in A and B". For one project, does it mean that we have to cover at least three different technologies from the A list? (E.g. Thermoelectric, Thermovoltaic, and Thermionic.) Or could we combine three bullet points ("technologies") from A and B? (E.g. Thermoelectric, heat recovery, heat/cold generation from electricity.)

  • The text specifies: “The results are expected to contribute to at least three of the outcomes in A and B”, i.e.: at least 1A & 2B or 2A & 1 B.

Q2. 
When defining the technologies in A, the bullet point list is of "energy conversion devices using physical effects such as"…
Does the wording "such as" mean that other physical effects/technologies than the five ones listed in A could be within the scope? 
One example could be the magnetocaloric effect, which is very similar to the electrocaloric effect.

  • Yes, other physical effects/technologies than the five ones listed in A could be within the scope. Other physical effect/technologies addressed should be “in line” with the examples given.

Q3. 
The Expected Outcome starts with the following sentence: "Projects are expected to develop further the harvesting of renewable energy in areas/conditions where other conversion systems are less efficient, less convenient or not possible." Does this mean that all the activities should rely on renewable energy, or is it sufficient that only one of the three technologies is based on harvesting of renewable energy?

  • The focus lays on renewable energy. Though, the text also includes waste/unused excess energy. This should be in line with the expected outcome from section B. 

Q4. 
The outcomes in B include "heat/cold generation from electricity" and "applications in areas such as industrial, automotive …". 
Should this be linked to renewable energy? As an example, should the electricity for heating/cooling be provided by renewable energy?

  • The link to renewable energy is preferable but this is also ok to consider heating/cooling be provided by renewable energy. 

Q5. 
In Scope (1) first bullet, there is explicit mention of "applications in energy waste recovery (e.g., industry,…)". 
Does this mean that energy harvesting is really not limited to renewable energy as stated in the first sentence?

  • Indeed, this is right, energy harvesting is really not limited to renewable energy

Q6. 
Which and how many outcomes should be the focus of the research project? Is it correct to choose (at least) three outcomes from the bullet-pointed list made of A plus B?

  • The text specifies: “The results are expected to contribute to at least three of the outcomes in A and B”, i.e.: at least 1A & 2B or 2A & 1 B.

Q7.

Which and how many pilots should be developed during the research project? / how can we develop three pilots in three different EU Member States/Associated Countries?

  • Validation/demonstration of the activities developed in (1) with at least one pilot for each technology in different EU Member States/Associated Countries.

HORIZON-CL5-2023-D3-03-01: Increasing the efficiency of innovative static energy conversion devices for electricity and heat/cold generation

Q1. 
What is the contextual meaning of Expected Outcome, sentence 2: "The results are expected to contribute to at least three of the outcomes in A and B". For one project, does it mean that we have to cover at least three different technologies from the A list? (E.g. Thermoelectric, Thermovoltaic, and Thermionic.) Or could we combine three bullet points ("technologies") from A and B? (E.g. Thermoelectric, heat recovery, heat/cold generation from electricity.)

  • The text specifies: “The results are expected to contribute to at least three of the outcomes in A and B”, i.e.: at least 1A & 2B or 2A & 1 B.

Q2. 
When defining the technologies in A, the bullet point list is of "energy conversion devices using physical effects such as"…
Does the wording "such as" mean that other physical effects/technologies than the five ones listed in A could be within the scope? 
One example could be the magnetocaloric effect, which is very similar to the electrocaloric effect.

  • Yes, other physical effects/technologies than the five ones listed in A could be within the scope. Other physical effect/technologies addressed should be “in line” with the examples given.

Q3. 
The Expected Outcome starts with the following sentence: "Projects are expected to develop further the harvesting of renewable energy in areas/conditions where other conversion systems are less efficient, less convenient or not possible." Does this mean that all the activities should rely on renewable energy, or is it sufficient that only one of the three technologies is based on harvesting of renewable energy?

  • The focus lays on renewable energy. Though, the text also includes waste/unused excess energy. This should be in line with the expected outcome from section B. 

Q4. 
The outcomes in B include "heat/cold generation from electricity" and "applications in areas such as industrial, automotive …". 
Should this be linked to renewable energy? As an example, should the electricity for heating/cooling be provided by renewable energy?

  • The link to renewable energy is preferable but this is also ok to consider heating/cooling be provided by renewable energy. 

Q5. 
In Scope (1) first bullet, there is explicit mention of "applications in energy waste recovery (e.g., industry,…)". 
Does this mean that energy harvesting is really not limited to renewable energy as stated in the first sentence?

  • Indeed, this is right, energy harvesting is really not limited to renewable energy

Q6. 
Which and how many outcomes should be the focus of the research project? Is it correct to choose (at least) three outcomes from the bullet-pointed list made of A plus B?

  • The text specifies: “The results are expected to contribute to at least three of the outcomes in A and B”, i.e.: at least 1A & 2B or 2A & 1 B.

Q7.

Which and how many pilots should be developed during the research project? / how can we develop three pilots in three different EU Member States/Associated Countries?

  • Validation/demonstration of the activities developed in (1) with at least one pilot for each technology in different EU Member States/Associated Countries.

HORIZON-CL5-2023-D3-03-01: Increasing the efficiency of innovative static energy conversion devices for electricity and heat/cold generation

Q1. 
What is the contextual meaning of Expected Outcome, sentence 2: "The results are expected to contribute to at least three of the outcomes in A and B". For one project, does it mean that we have to cover at least three different technologies from the A list? (E.g. Thermoelectric, Thermovoltaic, and Thermionic.) Or could we combine three bullet points ("technologies") from A and B? (E.g. Thermoelectric, heat recovery, heat/cold generation from electricity.)

  • The text specifies: “The results are expected to contribute to at least three of the outcomes in A and B”, i.e.: at least 1A & 2B or 2A & 1 B.

Q2. 
When defining the technologies in A, the bullet point list is of "energy conversion devices using physical effects such as"…
Does the wording "such as" mean that other physical effects/technologies than the five ones listed in A could be within the scope? 
One example could be the magnetocaloric effect, which is very similar to the electrocaloric effect.

  • Yes, other physical effects/technologies than the five ones listed in A could be within the scope. Other physical effect/technologies addressed should be “in line” with the examples given.

Q3. 
The Expected Outcome starts with the following sentence: "Projects are expected to develop further the harvesting of renewable energy in areas/conditions where other conversion systems are less efficient, less convenient or not possible." Does this mean that all the activities should rely on renewable energy, or is it sufficient that only one of the three technologies is based on harvesting of renewable energy?

  • The focus lays on renewable energy. Though, the text also includes waste/unused excess energy. This should be in line with the expected outcome from section B. 

Q4. 
The outcomes in B include "heat/cold generation from electricity" and "applications in areas such as industrial, automotive …". 
Should this be linked to renewable energy? As an example, should the electricity for heating/cooling be provided by renewable energy?

  • The link to renewable energy is preferable but this is also ok to consider heating/cooling be provided by renewable energy. 

Q5. 
In Scope (1) first bullet, there is explicit mention of "applications in energy waste recovery (e.g., industry,…)". 
Does this mean that energy harvesting is really not limited to renewable energy as stated in the first sentence?

  • Indeed, this is right, energy harvesting is really not limited to renewable energy

Q6. 
Which and how many outcomes should be the focus of the research project? Is it correct to choose (at least) three outcomes from the bullet-pointed list made of A plus B?

  • The text specifies: “The results are expected to contribute to at least three of the outcomes in A and B”, i.e.: at least 1A & 2B or 2A & 1 B.

Q7.

Which and how many pilots should be developed during the research project? / how can we develop three pilots in three different EU Member States/Associated Countries?

  • Validation/demonstration of the activities developed in (1) with at least one pilot for each technology in different EU Member States/Associated Countries.

HORIZON-CL5-2023-D3-03-01: Increasing the efficiency of innovative static energy conversion devices for electricity and heat/cold generation

Q1. 
What is the contextual meaning of Expected Outcome, sentence 2: "The results are expected to contribute to at least three of the outcomes in A and B". For one project, does it mean that we have to cover at least three different technologies from the A list? (E.g. Thermoelectric, Thermovoltaic, and Thermionic.) Or could we combine three bullet points ("technologies") from A and B? (E.g. Thermoelectric, heat recovery, heat/cold generation from electricity.)

  • The text specifies: “The results are expected to contribute to at least three of the outcomes in A and B”, i.e.: at least 1A & 2B or 2A & 1 B.

Q2. 
When defining the technologies in A, the bullet point list is of "energy conversion devices using physical effects such as"…
Does the wording "such as" mean that other physical effects/technologies than the five ones listed in A could be within the scope? 
One example could be the magnetocaloric effect, which is very similar to the electrocaloric effect.

  • Yes, other physical effects/technologies than the five ones listed in A could be within the scope. Other physical effect/technologies addressed should be “in line” with the examples given.

Q3. 
The Expected Outcome starts with the following sentence: "Projects are expected to develop further the harvesting of renewable energy in areas/conditions where other conversion systems are less efficient, less convenient or not possible." Does this mean that all the activities should rely on renewable energy, or is it sufficient that only one of the three technologies is based on harvesting of renewable energy?

  • The focus lays on renewable energy. Though, the text also includes waste/unused excess energy. This should be in line with the expected outcome from section B. 

Q4. 
The outcomes in B include "heat/cold generation from electricity" and "applications in areas such as industrial, automotive …". 
Should this be linked to renewable energy? As an example, should the electricity for heating/cooling be provided by renewable energy?

  • The link to renewable energy is preferable but this is also ok to consider heating/cooling be provided by renewable energy. 

Q5. 
In Scope (1) first bullet, there is explicit mention of "applications in energy waste recovery (e.g., industry,…)". 
Does this mean that energy harvesting is really not limited to renewable energy as stated in the first sentence?

  • Indeed, this is right, energy harvesting is really not limited to renewable energy

Q6. 
Which and how many outcomes should be the focus of the research project? Is it correct to choose (at least) three outcomes from the bullet-pointed list made of A plus B?

  • The text specifies: “The results are expected to contribute to at least three of the outcomes in A and B”, i.e.: at least 1A & 2B or 2A & 1 B.

Q7.

Which and how many pilots should be developed during the research project? / how can we develop three pilots in three different EU Member States/Associated Countries?

  • Validation/demonstration of the activities developed in (1) with at least one pilot for each technology in different EU Member States/Associated Countries.

HORIZON-CL5-2023-D3-03-01: Increasing the efficiency of innovative static energy conversion devices for electricity and heat/cold generation

Q1. 
What is the contextual meaning of Expected Outcome, sentence 2: "The results are expected to contribute to at least three of the outcomes in A and B". For one project, does it mean that we have to cover at least three different technologies from the A list? (E.g. Thermoelectric, Thermovoltaic, and Thermionic.) Or could we combine three bullet points ("technologies") from A and B? (E.g. Thermoelectric, heat recovery, heat/cold generation from electricity.)

  • The text specifies: “The results are expected to contribute to at least three of the outcomes in A and B”, i.e.: at least 1A & 2B or 2A & 1 B.

Q2. 
When defining the technologies in A, the bullet point list is of "energy conversion devices using physical effects such as"…
Does the wording "such as" mean that other physical effects/technologies than the five ones listed in A could be within the scope? 
One example could be the magnetocaloric effect, which is very similar to the electrocaloric effect.

  • Yes, other physical effects/technologies than the five ones listed in A could be within the scope. Other physical effect/technologies addressed should be “in line” with the examples given.

Q3. 
The Expected Outcome starts with the following sentence: "Projects are expected to develop further the harvesting of renewable energy in areas/conditions where other conversion systems are less efficient, less convenient or not possible." Does this mean that all the activities should rely on renewable energy, or is it sufficient that only one of the three technologies is based on harvesting of renewable energy?

  • The focus lays on renewable energy. Though, the text also includes waste/unused excess energy. This should be in line with the expected outcome from section B. 

Q4. 
The outcomes in B include "heat/cold generation from electricity" and "applications in areas such as industrial, automotive …". 
Should this be linked to renewable energy? As an example, should the electricity for heating/cooling be provided by renewable energy?

  • The link to renewable energy is preferable but this is also ok to consider heating/cooling be provided by renewable energy. 

Q5. 
In Scope (1) first bullet, there is explicit mention of "applications in energy waste recovery (e.g., industry,…)". 
Does this mean that energy harvesting is really not limited to renewable energy as stated in the first sentence?

  • Indeed, this is right, energy harvesting is really not limited to renewable energy

Q6. 
Which and how many outcomes should be the focus of the research project? Is it correct to choose (at least) three outcomes from the bullet-pointed list made of A plus B?

  • The text specifies: “The results are expected to contribute to at least three of the outcomes in A and B”, i.e.: at least 1A & 2B or 2A & 1 B.

Q7.

Which and how many pilots should be developed during the research project? / how can we develop three pilots in three different EU Member States/Associated Countries?

  • Validation/demonstration of the activities developed in (1) with at least one pilot for each technology in different EU Member States/Associated Countries.

HORIZON-CL5-2023-D3-03-01: Increasing the efficiency of innovative static energy conversion devices for electricity and heat/cold generation

Q1. 
What is the contextual meaning of Expected Outcome, sentence 2: "The results are expected to contribute to at least three of the outcomes in A and B". For one project, does it mean that we have to cover at least three different technologies from the A list? (E.g. Thermoelectric, Thermovoltaic, and Thermionic.) Or could we combine three bullet points ("technologies") from A and B? (E.g. Thermoelectric, heat recovery, heat/cold generation from electricity.)

  • The text specifies: “The results are expected to contribute to at least three of the outcomes in A and B”, i.e.: at least 1A & 2B or 2A & 1 B.

Q2. 
When defining the technologies in A, the bullet point list is of "energy conversion devices using physical effects such as"…
Does the wording "such as" mean that other physical effects/technologies than the five ones listed in A could be within the scope? 
One example could be the magnetocaloric effect, which is very similar to the electrocaloric effect.

  • Yes, other physical effects/technologies than the five ones listed in A could be within the scope. Other physical effect/technologies addressed should be “in line” with the examples given.

Q3. 
The Expected Outcome starts with the following sentence: "Projects are expected to develop further the harvesting of renewable energy in areas/conditions where other conversion systems are less efficient, less convenient or not possible." Does this mean that all the activities should rely on renewable energy, or is it sufficient that only one of the three technologies is based on harvesting of renewable energy?

  • The focus lays on renewable energy. Though, the text also includes waste/unused excess energy. This should be in line with the expected outcome from section B. 

Q4. 
The outcomes in B include "heat/cold generation from electricity" and "applications in areas such as industrial, automotive …". 
Should this be linked to renewable energy? As an example, should the electricity for heating/cooling be provided by renewable energy?

  • The link to renewable energy is preferable but this is also ok to consider heating/cooling be provided by renewable energy. 

Q5. 
In Scope (1) first bullet, there is explicit mention of "applications in energy waste recovery (e.g., industry,…)". 
Does this mean that energy harvesting is really not limited to renewable energy as stated in the first sentence?

  • Indeed, this is right, energy harvesting is really not limited to renewable energy

Q6. 
Which and how many outcomes should be the focus of the research project? Is it correct to choose (at least) three outcomes from the bullet-pointed list made of A plus B?

  • The text specifies: “The results are expected to contribute to at least three of the outcomes in A and B”, i.e.: at least 1A & 2B or 2A & 1 B.

Q7.

Which and how many pilots should be developed during the research project? / how can we develop three pilots in three different EU Member States/Associated Countries?

  • Validation/demonstration of the activities developed in (1) with at least one pilot for each technology in different EU Member States/Associated Countries.

HORIZON-CL5-2023-D3-03-01: Increasing the efficiency of innovative static energy conversion devices for electricity and heat/cold generation

Q1. 
What is the contextual meaning of Expected Outcome, sentence 2: "The results are expected to contribute to at least three of the outcomes in A and B". For one project, does it mean that we have to cover at least three different technologies from the A list? (E.g. Thermoelectric, Thermovoltaic, and Thermionic.) Or could we combine three bullet points ("technologies") from A and B? (E.g. Thermoelectric, heat recovery, heat/cold generation from electricity.)

  • The text specifies: “The results are expected to contribute to at least three of the outcomes in A and B”, i.e.: at least 1A & 2B or 2A & 1 B.

Q2. 
When defining the technologies in A, the bullet point list is of "energy conversion devices using physical effects such as"…
Does the wording "such as" mean that other physical effects/technologies than the five ones listed in A could be within the scope? 
One example could be the magnetocaloric effect, which is very similar to the electrocaloric effect.

  • Yes, other physical effects/technologies than the five ones listed in A could be within the scope. Other physical effect/technologies addressed should be “in line” with the examples given.

Q3. 
The Expected Outcome starts with the following sentence: "Projects are expected to develop further the harvesting of renewable energy in areas/conditions where other conversion systems are less efficient, less convenient or not possible." Does this mean that all the activities should rely on renewable energy, or is it sufficient that only one of the three technologies is based on harvesting of renewable energy?

  • The focus lays on renewable energy. Though, the text also includes waste/unused excess energy. This should be in line with the expected outcome from section B. 

Q4. 
The outcomes in B include "heat/cold generation from electricity" and "applications in areas such as industrial, automotive …". 
Should this be linked to renewable energy? As an example, should the electricity for heating/cooling be provided by renewable energy?

  • The link to renewable energy is preferable but this is also ok to consider heating/cooling be provided by renewable energy. 

Q5. 
In Scope (1) first bullet, there is explicit mention of "applications in energy waste recovery (e.g., industry,…)". 
Does this mean that energy harvesting is really not limited to renewable energy as stated in the first sentence?

  • Indeed, this is right, energy harvesting is really not limited to renewable energy

Q6. 
Which and how many outcomes should be the focus of the research project? Is it correct to choose (at least) three outcomes from the bullet-pointed list made of A plus B?

  • The text specifies: “The results are expected to contribute to at least three of the outcomes in A and B”, i.e.: at least 1A & 2B or 2A & 1 B.

Q7.

Which and how many pilots should be developed during the research project? / how can we develop three pilots in three different EU Member States/Associated Countries?

  • Validation/demonstration of the activities developed in (1) with at least one pilot for each technology in different EU Member States/Associated Countries.

HORIZON-CL5-2023-D3-03-01: Increasing the efficiency of innovative static energy conversion devices for electricity and heat/cold generation

Q1. 
What is the contextual meaning of Expected Outcome, sentence 2: "The results are expected to contribute to at least three of the outcomes in A and B". For one project, does it mean that we have to cover at least three different technologies from the A list? (E.g. Thermoelectric, Thermovoltaic, and Thermionic.) Or could we combine three bullet points ("technologies") from A and B? (E.g. Thermoelectric, heat recovery, heat/cold generation from electricity.)

  • The text specifies: “The results are expected to contribute to at least three of the outcomes in A and B”, i.e.: at least 1A & 2B or 2A & 1 B.

Q2. 
When defining the technologies in A, the bullet point list is of "energy conversion devices using physical effects such as"…
Does the wording "such as" mean that other physical effects/technologies than the five ones listed in A could be within the scope? 
One example could be the magnetocaloric effect, which is very similar to the electrocaloric effect.

  • Yes, other physical effects/technologies than the five ones listed in A could be within the scope. Other physical effect/technologies addressed should be “in line” with the examples given.

Q3. 
The Expected Outcome starts with the following sentence: "Projects are expected to develop further the harvesting of renewable energy in areas/conditions where other conversion systems are less efficient, less convenient or not possible." Does this mean that all the activities should rely on renewable energy, or is it sufficient that only one of the three technologies is based on harvesting of renewable energy?

  • The focus lays on renewable energy. Though, the text also includes waste/unused excess energy. This should be in line with the expected outcome from section B. 

Q4. 
The outcomes in B include "heat/cold generation from electricity" and "applications in areas such as industrial, automotive …". 
Should this be linked to renewable energy? As an example, should the electricity for heating/cooling be provided by renewable energy?

  • The link to renewable energy is preferable but this is also ok to consider heating/cooling be provided by renewable energy. 

Q5. 
In Scope (1) first bullet, there is explicit mention of "applications in energy waste recovery (e.g., industry,…)". 
Does this mean that energy harvesting is really not limited to renewable energy as stated in the first sentence?

  • Indeed, this is right, energy harvesting is really not limited to renewable energy

Q6. 
Which and how many outcomes should be the focus of the research project? Is it correct to choose (at least) three outcomes from the bullet-pointed list made of A plus B?

  • The text specifies: “The results are expected to contribute to at least three of the outcomes in A and B”, i.e.: at least 1A & 2B or 2A & 1 B.

Q7.

Which and how many pilots should be developed during the research project? / how can we develop three pilots in three different EU Member States/Associated Countries?

  • Validation/demonstration of the activities developed in (1) with at least one pilot for each technology in different EU Member States/Associated Countries.

HORIZON-CL5-2023-D3-03-01: Increasing the efficiency of innovative static energy conversion devices for electricity and heat/cold generation

Q1. 
What is the contextual meaning of Expected Outcome, sentence 2: "The results are expected to contribute to at least three of the outcomes in A and B". For one project, does it mean that we have to cover at least three different technologies from the A list? (E.g. Thermoelectric, Thermovoltaic, and Thermionic.) Or could we combine three bullet points ("technologies") from A and B? (E.g. Thermoelectric, heat recovery, heat/cold generation from electricity.)

  • The text specifies: “The results are expected to contribute to at least three of the outcomes in A and B”, i.e.: at least 1A & 2B or 2A & 1 B.

Q2. 
When defining the technologies in A, the bullet point list is of "energy conversion devices using physical effects such as"…
Does the wording "such as" mean that other physical effects/technologies than the five ones listed in A could be within the scope? 
One example could be the magnetocaloric effect, which is very similar to the electrocaloric effect.

  • Yes, other physical effects/technologies than the five ones listed in A could be within the scope. Other physical effect/technologies addressed should be “in line” with the examples given.

Q3. 
The Expected Outcome starts with the following sentence: "Projects are expected to develop further the harvesting of renewable energy in areas/conditions where other conversion systems are less efficient, less convenient or not possible." Does this mean that all the activities should rely on renewable energy, or is it sufficient that only one of the three technologies is based on harvesting of renewable energy?

  • The focus lays on renewable energy. Though, the text also includes waste/unused excess energy. This should be in line with the expected outcome from section B. 

Q4. 
The outcomes in B include "heat/cold generation from electricity" and "applications in areas such as industrial, automotive …". 
Should this be linked to renewable energy? As an example, should the electricity for heating/cooling be provided by renewable energy?

  • The link to renewable energy is preferable but this is also ok to consider heating/cooling be provided by renewable energy. 

Q5. 
In Scope (1) first bullet, there is explicit mention of "applications in energy waste recovery (e.g., industry,…)". 
Does this mean that energy harvesting is really not limited to renewable energy as stated in the first sentence?

  • Indeed, this is right, energy harvesting is really not limited to renewable energy

Q6. 
Which and how many outcomes should be the focus of the research project? Is it correct to choose (at least) three outcomes from the bullet-pointed list made of A plus B?

  • The text specifies: “The results are expected to contribute to at least three of the outcomes in A and B”, i.e.: at least 1A & 2B or 2A & 1 B.

Q7.

Which and how many pilots should be developed during the research project? / how can we develop three pilots in three different EU Member States/Associated Countries?

  • Validation/demonstration of the activities developed in (1) with at least one pilot for each technology in different EU Member States/Associated Countries.

HORIZON-CL5-2023-D3-03-01: Increasing the efficiency of innovative static energy conversion devices for electricity and heat/cold generation

Q1. 
What is the contextual meaning of Expected Outcome, sentence 2: "The results are expected to contribute to at least three of the outcomes in A and B". For one project, does it mean that we have to cover at least three different technologies from the A list? (E.g. Thermoelectric, Thermovoltaic, and Thermionic.) Or could we combine three bullet points ("technologies") from A and B? (E.g. Thermoelectric, heat recovery, heat/cold generation from electricity.)

  • The text specifies: “The results are expected to contribute to at least three of the outcomes in A and B”, i.e.: at least 1A & 2B or 2A & 1 B.

Q2. 
When defining the technologies in A, the bullet point list is of "energy conversion devices using physical effects such as"…
Does the wording "such as" mean that other physical effects/technologies than the five ones listed in A could be within the scope? 
One example could be the magnetocaloric effect, which is very similar to the electrocaloric effect.

  • Yes, other physical effects/technologies than the five ones listed in A could be within the scope. Other physical effect/technologies addressed should be “in line” with the examples given.

Q3. 
The Expected Outcome starts with the following sentence: "Projects are expected to develop further the harvesting of renewable energy in areas/conditions where other conversion systems are less efficient, less convenient or not possible." Does this mean that all the activities should rely on renewable energy, or is it sufficient that only one of the three technologies is based on harvesting of renewable energy?

  • The focus lays on renewable energy. Though, the text also includes waste/unused excess energy. This should be in line with the expected outcome from section B. 

Q4. 
The outcomes in B include "heat/cold generation from electricity" and "applications in areas such as industrial, automotive …". 
Should this be linked to renewable energy? As an example, should the electricity for heating/cooling be provided by renewable energy?

  • The link to renewable energy is preferable but this is also ok to consider heating/cooling be provided by renewable energy. 

Q5. 
In Scope (1) first bullet, there is explicit mention of "applications in energy waste recovery (e.g., industry,…)". 
Does this mean that energy harvesting is really not limited to renewable energy as stated in the first sentence?

  • Indeed, this is right, energy harvesting is really not limited to renewable energy

Q6. 
Which and how many outcomes should be the focus of the research project? Is it correct to choose (at least) three outcomes from the bullet-pointed list made of A plus B?

  • The text specifies: “The results are expected to contribute to at least three of the outcomes in A and B”, i.e.: at least 1A & 2B or 2A & 1 B.

Q7.

Which and how many pilots should be developed during the research project? / how can we develop three pilots in three different EU Member States/Associated Countries?

  • Validation/demonstration of the activities developed in (1) with at least one pilot for each technology in different EU Member States/Associated Countries.

HORIZON-CL5-2023-D3-03-01: Increasing the efficiency of innovative static energy conversion devices for electricity and heat/cold generation

Q1. 
What is the contextual meaning of Expected Outcome, sentence 2: "The results are expected to contribute to at least three of the outcomes in A and B". For one project, does it mean that we have to cover at least three different technologies from the A list? (E.g. Thermoelectric, Thermovoltaic, and Thermionic.) Or could we combine three bullet points ("technologies") from A and B? (E.g. Thermoelectric, heat recovery, heat/cold generation from electricity.)

  • The text specifies: “The results are expected to contribute to at least three of the outcomes in A and B”, i.e.: at least 1A & 2B or 2A & 1 B.

Q2. 
When defining the technologies in A, the bullet point list is of "energy conversion devices using physical effects such as"…
Does the wording "such as" mean that other physical effects/technologies than the five ones listed in A could be within the scope? 
One example could be the magnetocaloric effect, which is very similar to the electrocaloric effect.

  • Yes, other physical effects/technologies than the five ones listed in A could be within the scope. Other physical effect/technologies addressed should be “in line” with the examples given.

Q3. 
The Expected Outcome starts with the following sentence: "Projects are expected to develop further the harvesting of renewable energy in areas/conditions where other conversion systems are less efficient, less convenient or not possible." Does this mean that all the activities should rely on renewable energy, or is it sufficient that only one of the three technologies is based on harvesting of renewable energy?

  • The focus lays on renewable energy. Though, the text also includes waste/unused excess energy. This should be in line with the expected outcome from section B. 

Q4. 
The outcomes in B include "heat/cold generation from electricity" and "applications in areas such as industrial, automotive …". 
Should this be linked to renewable energy? As an example, should the electricity for heating/cooling be provided by renewable energy?

  • The link to renewable energy is preferable but this is also ok to consider heating/cooling be provided by renewable energy. 

Q5. 
In Scope (1) first bullet, there is explicit mention of "applications in energy waste recovery (e.g., industry,…)". 
Does this mean that energy harvesting is really not limited to renewable energy as stated in the first sentence?

  • Indeed, this is right, energy harvesting is really not limited to renewable energy

Q6. 
Which and how many outcomes should be the focus of the research project? Is it correct to choose (at least) three outcomes from the bullet-pointed list made of A plus B?

  • The text specifies: “The results are expected to contribute to at least three of the outcomes in A and B”, i.e.: at least 1A & 2B or 2A & 1 B.

Q7.

Which and how many pilots should be developed during the research project? / how can we develop three pilots in three different EU Member States/Associated Countries?

  • Validation/demonstration of the activities developed in (1) with at least one pilot for each technology in different EU Member States/Associated Countries.

HORIZON-CL5-2023-D3-03-01: Increasing the efficiency of innovative static energy conversion devices for electricity and heat/cold generation

Q1. 
What is the contextual meaning of Expected Outcome, sentence 2: "The results are expected to contribute to at least three of the outcomes in A and B". For one project, does it mean that we have to cover at least three different technologies from the A list? (E.g. Thermoelectric, Thermovoltaic, and Thermionic.) Or could we combine three bullet points ("technologies") from A and B? (E.g. Thermoelectric, heat recovery, heat/cold generation from electricity.)

  • The text specifies: “The results are expected to contribute to at least three of the outcomes in A and B”, i.e.: at least 1A & 2B or 2A & 1 B.

Q2. 
When defining the technologies in A, the bullet point list is of "energy conversion devices using physical effects such as"…
Does the wording "such as" mean that other physical effects/technologies than the five ones listed in A could be within the scope? 
One example could be the magnetocaloric effect, which is very similar to the electrocaloric effect.

  • Yes, other physical effects/technologies than the five ones listed in A could be within the scope. Other physical effect/technologies addressed should be “in line” with the examples given.

Q3. 
The Expected Outcome starts with the following sentence: "Projects are expected to develop further the harvesting of renewable energy in areas/conditions where other conversion systems are less efficient, less convenient or not possible." Does this mean that all the activities should rely on renewable energy, or is it sufficient that only one of the three technologies is based on harvesting of renewable energy?

  • The focus lays on renewable energy. Though, the text also includes waste/unused excess energy. This should be in line with the expected outcome from section B. 

Q4. 
The outcomes in B include "heat/cold generation from electricity" and "applications in areas such as industrial, automotive …". 
Should this be linked to renewable energy? As an example, should the electricity for heating/cooling be provided by renewable energy?

  • The link to renewable energy is preferable but this is also ok to consider heating/cooling be provided by renewable energy. 

Q5. 
In Scope (1) first bullet, there is explicit mention of "applications in energy waste recovery (e.g., industry,…)". 
Does this mean that energy harvesting is really not limited to renewable energy as stated in the first sentence?

  • Indeed, this is right, energy harvesting is really not limited to renewable energy

Q6. 
Which and how many outcomes should be the focus of the research project? Is it correct to choose (at least) three outcomes from the bullet-pointed list made of A plus B?

  • The text specifies: “The results are expected to contribute to at least three of the outcomes in A and B”, i.e.: at least 1A & 2B or 2A & 1 B.

Q7.

Which and how many pilots should be developed during the research project? / how can we develop three pilots in three different EU Member States/Associated Countries?

  • Validation/demonstration of the activities developed in (1) with at least one pilot for each technology in different EU Member States/Associated Countries.

HORIZON-CL5-2023-D3-03-01: Increasing the efficiency of innovative static energy conversion devices for electricity and heat/cold generation

Q1. 
What is the contextual meaning of Expected Outcome, sentence 2: "The results are expected to contribute to at least three of the outcomes in A and B". For one project, does it mean that we have to cover at least three different technologies from the A list? (E.g. Thermoelectric, Thermovoltaic, and Thermionic.) Or could we combine three bullet points ("technologies") from A and B? (E.g. Thermoelectric, heat recovery, heat/cold generation from electricity.)

  • The text specifies: “The results are expected to contribute to at least three of the outcomes in A and B”, i.e.: at least 1A & 2B or 2A & 1 B.

Q2. 
When defining the technologies in A, the bullet point list is of "energy conversion devices using physical effects such as"…
Does the wording "such as" mean that other physical effects/technologies than the five ones listed in A could be within the scope? 
One example could be the magnetocaloric effect, which is very similar to the electrocaloric effect.

  • Yes, other physical effects/technologies than the five ones listed in A could be within the scope. Other physical effect/technologies addressed should be “in line” with the examples given.

Q3. 
The Expected Outcome starts with the following sentence: "Projects are expected to develop further the harvesting of renewable energy in areas/conditions where other conversion systems are less efficient, less convenient or not possible." Does this mean that all the activities should rely on renewable energy, or is it sufficient that only one of the three technologies is based on harvesting of renewable energy?

  • The focus lays on renewable energy. Though, the text also includes waste/unused excess energy. This should be in line with the expected outcome from section B. 

Q4. 
The outcomes in B include "heat/cold generation from electricity" and "applications in areas such as industrial, automotive …". 
Should this be linked to renewable energy? As an example, should the electricity for heating/cooling be provided by renewable energy?

  • The link to renewable energy is preferable but this is also ok to consider heating/cooling be provided by renewable energy. 

Q5. 
In Scope (1) first bullet, there is explicit mention of "applications in energy waste recovery (e.g., industry,…)". 
Does this mean that energy harvesting is really not limited to renewable energy as stated in the first sentence?

  • Indeed, this is right, energy harvesting is really not limited to renewable energy

Q6. 
Which and how many outcomes should be the focus of the research project? Is it correct to choose (at least) three outcomes from the bullet-pointed list made of A plus B?

  • The text specifies: “The results are expected to contribute to at least three of the outcomes in A and B”, i.e.: at least 1A & 2B or 2A & 1 B.

Q7.

Which and how many pilots should be developed during the research project? / how can we develop three pilots in three different EU Member States/Associated Countries?

  • Validation/demonstration of the activities developed in (1) with at least one pilot for each technology in different EU Member States/Associated Countries.

HORIZON-CL5-2023-D3-03-01: Increasing the efficiency of innovative static energy conversion devices for electricity and heat/cold generation

Q1. 
What is the contextual meaning of Expected Outcome, sentence 2: "The results are expected to contribute to at least three of the outcomes in A and B". For one project, does it mean that we have to cover at least three different technologies from the A list? (E.g. Thermoelectric, Thermovoltaic, and Thermionic.) Or could we combine three bullet points ("technologies") from A and B? (E.g. Thermoelectric, heat recovery, heat/cold generation from electricity.)

  • The text specifies: “The results are expected to contribute to at least three of the outcomes in A and B”, i.e.: at least 1A & 2B or 2A & 1 B.

Q2. 
When defining the technologies in A, the bullet point list is of "energy conversion devices using physical effects such as"…
Does the wording "such as" mean that other physical effects/technologies than the five ones listed in A could be within the scope? 
One example could be the magnetocaloric effect, which is very similar to the electrocaloric effect.

  • Yes, other physical effects/technologies than the five ones listed in A could be within the scope. Other physical effect/technologies addressed should be “in line” with the examples given.

Q3. 
The Expected Outcome starts with the following sentence: "Projects are expected to develop further the harvesting of renewable energy in areas/conditions where other conversion systems are less efficient, less convenient or not possible." Does this mean that all the activities should rely on renewable energy, or is it sufficient that only one of the three technologies is based on harvesting of renewable energy?

  • The focus lays on renewable energy. Though, the text also includes waste/unused excess energy. This should be in line with the expected outcome from section B. 

Q4. 
The outcomes in B include "heat/cold generation from electricity" and "applications in areas such as industrial, automotive …". 
Should this be linked to renewable energy? As an example, should the electricity for heating/cooling be provided by renewable energy?

  • The link to renewable energy is preferable but this is also ok to consider heating/cooling be provided by renewable energy. 

Q5. 
In Scope (1) first bullet, there is explicit mention of "applications in energy waste recovery (e.g., industry,…)". 
Does this mean that energy harvesting is really not limited to renewable energy as stated in the first sentence?

  • Indeed, this is right, energy harvesting is really not limited to renewable energy

Q6. 
Which and how many outcomes should be the focus of the research project? Is it correct to choose (at least) three outcomes from the bullet-pointed list made of A plus B?

  • The text specifies: “The results are expected to contribute to at least three of the outcomes in A and B”, i.e.: at least 1A & 2B or 2A & 1 B.

Q7.

Which and how many pilots should be developed during the research project? / how can we develop three pilots in three different EU Member States/Associated Countries?

  • Validation/demonstration of the activities developed in (1) with at least one pilot for each technology in different EU Member States/Associated Countries.

HORIZON-CL5-2023-D3-03-01: Increasing the efficiency of innovative static energy conversion devices for electricity and heat/cold generation

Q1. 
What is the contextual meaning of Expected Outcome, sentence 2: "The results are expected to contribute to at least three of the outcomes in A and B". For one project, does it mean that we have to cover at least three different technologies from the A list? (E.g. Thermoelectric, Thermovoltaic, and Thermionic.) Or could we combine three bullet points ("technologies") from A and B? (E.g. Thermoelectric, heat recovery, heat/cold generation from electricity.)

  • The text specifies: “The results are expected to contribute to at least three of the outcomes in A and B”, i.e.: at least 1A & 2B or 2A & 1 B.

Q2. 
When defining the technologies in A, the bullet point list is of "energy conversion devices using physical effects such as"…
Does the wording "such as" mean that other physical effects/technologies than the five ones listed in A could be within the scope? 
One example could be the magnetocaloric effect, which is very similar to the electrocaloric effect.

  • Yes, other physical effects/technologies than the five ones listed in A could be within the scope. Other physical effect/technologies addressed should be “in line” with the examples given.

Q3. 
The Expected Outcome starts with the following sentence: "Projects are expected to develop further the harvesting of renewable energy in areas/conditions where other conversion systems are less efficient, less convenient or not possible." Does this mean that all the activities should rely on renewable energy, or is it sufficient that only one of the three technologies is based on harvesting of renewable energy?

  • The focus lays on renewable energy. Though, the text also includes waste/unused excess energy. This should be in line with the expected outcome from section B. 

Q4. 
The outcomes in B include "heat/cold generation from electricity" and "applications in areas such as industrial, automotive …". 
Should this be linked to renewable energy? As an example, should the electricity for heating/cooling be provided by renewable energy?

  • The link to renewable energy is preferable but this is also ok to consider heating/cooling be provided by renewable energy. 

Q5. 
In Scope (1) first bullet, there is explicit mention of "applications in energy waste recovery (e.g., industry,…)". 
Does this mean that energy harvesting is really not limited to renewable energy as stated in the first sentence?

  • Indeed, this is right, energy harvesting is really not limited to renewable energy

Q6. 
Which and how many outcomes should be the focus of the research project? Is it correct to choose (at least) three outcomes from the bullet-pointed list made of A plus B?

  • The text specifies: “The results are expected to contribute to at least three of the outcomes in A and B”, i.e.: at least 1A & 2B or 2A & 1 B.

Q7.

Which and how many pilots should be developed during the research project? / how can we develop three pilots in three different EU Member States/Associated Countries?

  • Validation/demonstration of the activities developed in (1) with at least one pilot for each technology in different EU Member States/Associated Countries.

HORIZON-CL5-2023-D3-03-01: Increasing the efficiency of innovative static energy conversion devices for electricity and heat/cold generation

Q1. 
What is the contextual meaning of Expected Outcome, sentence 2: "The results are expected to contribute to at least three of the outcomes in A and B". For one project, does it mean that we have to cover at least three different technologies from the A list? (E.g. Thermoelectric, Thermovoltaic, and Thermionic.) Or could we combine three bullet points ("technologies") from A and B? (E.g. Thermoelectric, heat recovery, heat/cold generation from electricity.)

  • The text specifies: “The results are expected to contribute to at least three of the outcomes in A and B”, i.e.: at least 1A & 2B or 2A & 1 B.

Q2. 
When defining the technologies in A, the bullet point list is of "energy conversion devices using physical effects such as"…
Does the wording "such as" mean that other physical effects/technologies than the five ones listed in A could be within the scope? 
One example could be the magnetocaloric effect, which is very similar to the electrocaloric effect.

  • Yes, other physical effects/technologies than the five ones listed in A could be within the scope. Other physical effect/technologies addressed should be “in line” with the examples given.

Q3. 
The Expected Outcome starts with the following sentence: "Projects are expected to develop further the harvesting of renewable energy in areas/conditions where other conversion systems are less efficient, less convenient or not possible." Does this mean that all the activities should rely on renewable energy, or is it sufficient that only one of the three technologies is based on harvesting of renewable energy?

  • The focus lays on renewable energy. Though, the text also includes waste/unused excess energy. This should be in line with the expected outcome from section B. 

Q4. 
The outcomes in B include "heat/cold generation from electricity" and "applications in areas such as industrial, automotive …". 
Should this be linked to renewable energy? As an example, should the electricity for heating/cooling be provided by renewable energy?

  • The link to renewable energy is preferable but this is also ok to consider heating/cooling be provided by renewable energy. 

Q5. 
In Scope (1) first bullet, there is explicit mention of "applications in energy waste recovery (e.g., industry,…)". 
Does this mean that energy harvesting is really not limited to renewable energy as stated in the first sentence?

  • Indeed, this is right, energy harvesting is really not limited to renewable energy

Q6. 
Which and how many outcomes should be the focus of the research project? Is it correct to choose (at least) three outcomes from the bullet-pointed list made of A plus B?

  • The text specifies: “The results are expected to contribute to at least three of the outcomes in A and B”, i.e.: at least 1A & 2B or 2A & 1 B.

Q7.

Which and how many pilots should be developed during the research project? / how can we develop three pilots in three different EU Member States/Associated Countries?

  • Validation/demonstration of the activities developed in (1) with at least one pilot for each technology in different EU Member States/Associated Countries.

HORIZON-CL5-2023-D3-03-01: Increasing the efficiency of innovative static energy conversion devices for electricity and heat/cold generation

Q1. 
What is the contextual meaning of Expected Outcome, sentence 2: "The results are expected to contribute to at least three of the outcomes in A and B". For one project, does it mean that we have to cover at least three different technologies from the A list? (E.g. Thermoelectric, Thermovoltaic, and Thermionic.) Or could we combine three bullet points ("technologies") from A and B? (E.g. Thermoelectric, heat recovery, heat/cold generation from electricity.)

  • The text specifies: “The results are expected to contribute to at least three of the outcomes in A and B”, i.e.: at least 1A & 2B or 2A & 1 B.

Q2. 
When defining the technologies in A, the bullet point list is of "energy conversion devices using physical effects such as"…
Does the wording "such as" mean that other physical effects/technologies than the five ones listed in A could be within the scope? 
One example could be the magnetocaloric effect, which is very similar to the electrocaloric effect.

  • Yes, other physical effects/technologies than the five ones listed in A could be within the scope. Other physical effect/technologies addressed should be “in line” with the examples given.

Q3. 
The Expected Outcome starts with the following sentence: "Projects are expected to develop further the harvesting of renewable energy in areas/conditions where other conversion systems are less efficient, less convenient or not possible." Does this mean that all the activities should rely on renewable energy, or is it sufficient that only one of the three technologies is based on harvesting of renewable energy?

  • The focus lays on renewable energy. Though, the text also includes waste/unused excess energy. This should be in line with the expected outcome from section B. 

Q4. 
The outcomes in B include "heat/cold generation from electricity" and "applications in areas such as industrial, automotive …". 
Should this be linked to renewable energy? As an example, should the electricity for heating/cooling be provided by renewable energy?

  • The link to renewable energy is preferable but this is also ok to consider heating/cooling be provided by renewable energy. 

Q5. 
In Scope (1) first bullet, there is explicit mention of "applications in energy waste recovery (e.g., industry,…)". 
Does this mean that energy harvesting is really not limited to renewable energy as stated in the first sentence?

  • Indeed, this is right, energy harvesting is really not limited to renewable energy

Q6. 
Which and how many outcomes should be the focus of the research project? Is it correct to choose (at least) three outcomes from the bullet-pointed list made of A plus B?

  • The text specifies: “The results are expected to contribute to at least three of the outcomes in A and B”, i.e.: at least 1A & 2B or 2A & 1 B.

Q7.

Which and how many pilots should be developed during the research project? / how can we develop three pilots in three different EU Member States/Associated Countries?

  • Validation/demonstration of the activities developed in (1) with at least one pilot for each technology in different EU Member States/Associated Countries.

HORIZON-CL5-2023-D3-03-01: Increasing the efficiency of innovative static energy conversion devices for electricity and heat/cold generation

Q1. 
What is the contextual meaning of Expected Outcome, sentence 2: "The results are expected to contribute to at least three of the outcomes in A and B". For one project, does it mean that we have to cover at least three different technologies from the A list? (E.g. Thermoelectric, Thermovoltaic, and Thermionic.) Or could we combine three bullet points ("technologies") from A and B? (E.g. Thermoelectric, heat recovery, heat/cold generation from electricity.)

  • The text specifies: “The results are expected to contribute to at least three of the outcomes in A and B”, i.e.: at least 1A & 2B or 2A & 1 B.

Q2. 
When defining the technologies in A, the bullet point list is of "energy conversion devices using physical effects such as"…
Does the wording "such as" mean that other physical effects/technologies than the five ones listed in A could be within the scope? 
One example could be the magnetocaloric effect, which is very similar to the electrocaloric effect.

  • Yes, other physical effects/technologies than the five ones listed in A could be within the scope. Other physical effect/technologies addressed should be “in line” with the examples given.

Q3. 
The Expected Outcome starts with the following sentence: "Projects are expected to develop further the harvesting of renewable energy in areas/conditions where other conversion systems are less efficient, less convenient or not possible." Does this mean that all the activities should rely on renewable energy, or is it sufficient that only one of the three technologies is based on harvesting of renewable energy?

  • The focus lays on renewable energy. Though, the text also includes waste/unused excess energy. This should be in line with the expected outcome from section B. 

Q4. 
The outcomes in B include "heat/cold generation from electricity" and "applications in areas such as industrial, automotive …". 
Should this be linked to renewable energy? As an example, should the electricity for heating/cooling be provided by renewable energy?

  • The link to renewable energy is preferable but this is also ok to consider heating/cooling be provided by renewable energy. 

Q5. 
In Scope (1) first bullet, there is explicit mention of "applications in energy waste recovery (e.g., industry,…)". 
Does this mean that energy harvesting is really not limited to renewable energy as stated in the first sentence?

  • Indeed, this is right, energy harvesting is really not limited to renewable energy

Q6. 
Which and how many outcomes should be the focus of the research project? Is it correct to choose (at least) three outcomes from the bullet-pointed list made of A plus B?

  • The text specifies: “The results are expected to contribute to at least three of the outcomes in A and B”, i.e.: at least 1A & 2B or 2A & 1 B.

Q7.

Which and how many pilots should be developed during the research project? / how can we develop three pilots in three different EU Member States/Associated Countries?

  • Validation/demonstration of the activities developed in (1) with at least one pilot for each technology in different EU Member States/Associated Countries.

HORIZON-CL5-2023-D3-03-01: Increasing the efficiency of innovative static energy conversion devices for electricity and heat/cold generation

Q1. 
What is the contextual meaning of Expected Outcome, sentence 2: "The results are expected to contribute to at least three of the outcomes in A and B". For one project, does it mean that we have to cover at least three different technologies from the A list? (E.g. Thermoelectric, Thermovoltaic, and Thermionic.) Or could we combine three bullet points ("technologies") from A and B? (E.g. Thermoelectric, heat recovery, heat/cold generation from electricity.)

  • The text specifies: “The results are expected to contribute to at least three of the outcomes in A and B”, i.e.: at least 1A & 2B or 2A & 1 B.

Q2. 
When defining the technologies in A, the bullet point list is of "energy conversion devices using physical effects such as"…
Does the wording "such as" mean that other physical effects/technologies than the five ones listed in A could be within the scope? 
One example could be the magnetocaloric effect, which is very similar to the electrocaloric effect.

  • Yes, other physical effects/technologies than the five ones listed in A could be within the scope. Other physical effect/technologies addressed should be “in line” with the examples given.

Q3. 
The Expected Outcome starts with the following sentence: "Projects are expected to develop further the harvesting of renewable energy in areas/conditions where other conversion systems are less efficient, less convenient or not possible." Does this mean that all the activities should rely on renewable energy, or is it sufficient that only one of the three technologies is based on harvesting of renewable energy?

  • The focus lays on renewable energy. Though, the text also includes waste/unused excess energy. This should be in line with the expected outcome from section B. 

Q4. 
The outcomes in B include "heat/cold generation from electricity" and "applications in areas such as industrial, automotive …". 
Should this be linked to renewable energy? As an example, should the electricity for heating/cooling be provided by renewable energy?

  • The link to renewable energy is preferable but this is also ok to consider heating/cooling be provided by renewable energy. 

Q5. 
In Scope (1) first bullet, there is explicit mention of "applications in energy waste recovery (e.g., industry,…)". 
Does this mean that energy harvesting is really not limited to renewable energy as stated in the first sentence?

  • Indeed, this is right, energy harvesting is really not limited to renewable energy

Q6. 
Which and how many outcomes should be the focus of the research project? Is it correct to choose (at least) three outcomes from the bullet-pointed list made of A plus B?

  • The text specifies: “The results are expected to contribute to at least three of the outcomes in A and B”, i.e.: at least 1A & 2B or 2A & 1 B.

Q7.

Which and how many pilots should be developed during the research project? / how can we develop three pilots in three different EU Member States/Associated Countries?

  • Validation/demonstration of the activities developed in (1) with at least one pilot for each technology in different EU Member States/Associated Countries.

HORIZON-CL5-2023-D3-03-01: Increasing the efficiency of innovative static energy conversion devices for electricity and heat/cold generation

Q1. 
What is the contextual meaning of Expected Outcome, sentence 2: "The results are expected to contribute to at least three of the outcomes in A and B". For one project, does it mean that we have to cover at least three different technologies from the A list? (E.g. Thermoelectric, Thermovoltaic, and Thermionic.) Or could we combine three bullet points ("technologies") from A and B? (E.g. Thermoelectric, heat recovery, heat/cold generation from electricity.)

  • The text specifies: “The results are expected to contribute to at least three of the outcomes in A and B”, i.e.: at least 1A & 2B or 2A & 1 B.

Q2. 
When defining the technologies in A, the bullet point list is of "energy conversion devices using physical effects such as"…
Does the wording "such as" mean that other physical effects/technologies than the five ones listed in A could be within the scope? 
One example could be the magnetocaloric effect, which is very similar to the electrocaloric effect.

  • Yes, other physical effects/technologies than the five ones listed in A could be within the scope. Other physical effect/technologies addressed should be “in line” with the examples given.

Q3. 
The Expected Outcome starts with the following sentence: "Projects are expected to develop further the harvesting of renewable energy in areas/conditions where other conversion systems are less efficient, less convenient or not possible." Does this mean that all the activities should rely on renewable energy, or is it sufficient that only one of the three technologies is based on harvesting of renewable energy?

  • The focus lays on renewable energy. Though, the text also includes waste/unused excess energy. This should be in line with the expected outcome from section B. 

Q4. 
The outcomes in B include "heat/cold generation from electricity" and "applications in areas such as industrial, automotive …". 
Should this be linked to renewable energy? As an example, should the electricity for heating/cooling be provided by renewable energy?

  • The link to renewable energy is preferable but this is also ok to consider heating/cooling be provided by renewable energy. 

Q5. 
In Scope (1) first bullet, there is explicit mention of "applications in energy waste recovery (e.g., industry,…)". 
Does this mean that energy harvesting is really not limited to renewable energy as stated in the first sentence?

  • Indeed, this is right, energy harvesting is really not limited to renewable energy

Q6. 
Which and how many outcomes should be the focus of the research project? Is it correct to choose (at least) three outcomes from the bullet-pointed list made of A plus B?

  • The text specifies: “The results are expected to contribute to at least three of the outcomes in A and B”, i.e.: at least 1A & 2B or 2A & 1 B.

Q7.

Which and how many pilots should be developed during the research project? / how can we develop three pilots in three different EU Member States/Associated Countries?

  • Validation/demonstration of the activities developed in (1) with at least one pilot for each technology in different EU Member States/Associated Countries.

HORIZON-CL5-2023-D3-03-01: Increasing the efficiency of innovative static energy conversion devices for electricity and heat/cold generation

Q1. 
What is the contextual meaning of Expected Outcome, sentence 2: "The results are expected to contribute to at least three of the outcomes in A and B". For one project, does it mean that we have to cover at least three different technologies from the A list? (E.g. Thermoelectric, Thermovoltaic, and Thermionic.) Or could we combine three bullet points ("technologies") from A and B? (E.g. Thermoelectric, heat recovery, heat/cold generation from electricity.)

  • The text specifies: “The results are expected to contribute to at least three of the outcomes in A and B”, i.e.: at least 1A & 2B or 2A & 1 B.

Q2. 
When defining the technologies in A, the bullet point list is of "energy conversion devices using physical effects such as"…
Does the wording "such as" mean that other physical effects/technologies than the five ones listed in A could be within the scope? 
One example could be the magnetocaloric effect, which is very similar to the electrocaloric effect.

  • Yes, other physical effects/technologies than the five ones listed in A could be within the scope. Other physical effect/technologies addressed should be “in line” with the examples given.

Q3. 
The Expected Outcome starts with the following sentence: "Projects are expected to develop further the harvesting of renewable energy in areas/conditions where other conversion systems are less efficient, less convenient or not possible." Does this mean that all the activities should rely on renewable energy, or is it sufficient that only one of the three technologies is based on harvesting of renewable energy?

  • The focus lays on renewable energy. Though, the text also includes waste/unused excess energy. This should be in line with the expected outcome from section B. 

Q4. 
The outcomes in B include "heat/cold generation from electricity" and "applications in areas such as industrial, automotive …". 
Should this be linked to renewable energy? As an example, should the electricity for heating/cooling be provided by renewable energy?

  • The link to renewable energy is preferable but this is also ok to consider heating/cooling be provided by renewable energy. 

Q5. 
In Scope (1) first bullet, there is explicit mention of "applications in energy waste recovery (e.g., industry,…)". 
Does this mean that energy harvesting is really not limited to renewable energy as stated in the first sentence?

  • Indeed, this is right, energy harvesting is really not limited to renewable energy

Q6. 
Which and how many outcomes should be the focus of the research project? Is it correct to choose (at least) three outcomes from the bullet-pointed list made of A plus B?

  • The text specifies: “The results are expected to contribute to at least three of the outcomes in A and B”, i.e.: at least 1A & 2B or 2A & 1 B.

Q7.

Which and how many pilots should be developed during the research project? / how can we develop three pilots in three different EU Member States/Associated Countries?

  • Validation/demonstration of the activities developed in (1) with at least one pilot for each technology in different EU Member States/Associated Countries.

HORIZON-CL5-2023-D3-03-01: Increasing the efficiency of innovative static energy conversion devices for electricity and heat/cold generation

Q1. 
What is the contextual meaning of Expected Outcome, sentence 2: "The results are expected to contribute to at least three of the outcomes in A and B". For one project, does it mean that we have to cover at least three different technologies from the A list? (E.g. Thermoelectric, Thermovoltaic, and Thermionic.) Or could we combine three bullet points ("technologies") from A and B? (E.g. Thermoelectric, heat recovery, heat/cold generation from electricity.)

  • The text specifies: “The results are expected to contribute to at least three of the outcomes in A and B”, i.e.: at least 1A & 2B or 2A & 1 B.

Q2. 
When defining the technologies in A, the bullet point list is of "energy conversion devices using physical effects such as"…
Does the wording "such as" mean that other physical effects/technologies than the five ones listed in A could be within the scope? 
One example could be the magnetocaloric effect, which is very similar to the electrocaloric effect.

  • Yes, other physical effects/technologies than the five ones listed in A could be within the scope. Other physical effect/technologies addressed should be “in line” with the examples given.

Q3. 
The Expected Outcome starts with the following sentence: "Projects are expected to develop further the harvesting of renewable energy in areas/conditions where other conversion systems are less efficient, less convenient or not possible." Does this mean that all the activities should rely on renewable energy, or is it sufficient that only one of the three technologies is based on harvesting of renewable energy?

  • The focus lays on renewable energy. Though, the text also includes waste/unused excess energy. This should be in line with the expected outcome from section B. 

Q4. 
The outcomes in B include "heat/cold generation from electricity" and "applications in areas such as industrial, automotive …". 
Should this be linked to renewable energy? As an example, should the electricity for heating/cooling be provided by renewable energy?

  • The link to renewable energy is preferable but this is also ok to consider heating/cooling be provided by renewable energy. 

Q5. 
In Scope (1) first bullet, there is explicit mention of "applications in energy waste recovery (e.g., industry,…)". 
Does this mean that energy harvesting is really not limited to renewable energy as stated in the first sentence?

  • Indeed, this is right, energy harvesting is really not limited to renewable energy

Q6. 
Which and how many outcomes should be the focus of the research project? Is it correct to choose (at least) three outcomes from the bullet-pointed list made of A plus B?

  • The text specifies: “The results are expected to contribute to at least three of the outcomes in A and B”, i.e.: at least 1A & 2B or 2A & 1 B.

Q7.

Which and how many pilots should be developed during the research project? / how can we develop three pilots in three different EU Member States/Associated Countries?

  • Validation/demonstration of the activities developed in (1) with at least one pilot for each technology in different EU Member States/Associated Countries.

HORIZON-CL5-2023-D3-03-01: Increasing the efficiency of innovative static energy conversion devices for electricity and heat/cold generation

Q1. 
What is the contextual meaning of Expected Outcome, sentence 2: "The results are expected to contribute to at least three of the outcomes in A and B". For one project, does it mean that we have to cover at least three different technologies from the A list? (E.g. Thermoelectric, Thermovoltaic, and Thermionic.) Or could we combine three bullet points ("technologies") from A and B? (E.g. Thermoelectric, heat recovery, heat/cold generation from electricity.)

  • The text specifies: “The results are expected to contribute to at least three of the outcomes in A and B”, i.e.: at least 1A & 2B or 2A & 1 B.

Q2. 
When defining the technologies in A, the bullet point list is of "energy conversion devices using physical effects such as"…
Does the wording "such as" mean that other physical effects/technologies than the five ones listed in A could be within the scope? 
One example could be the magnetocaloric effect, which is very similar to the electrocaloric effect.

  • Yes, other physical effects/technologies than the five ones listed in A could be within the scope. Other physical effect/technologies addressed should be “in line” with the examples given.

Q3. 
The Expected Outcome starts with the following sentence: "Projects are expected to develop further the harvesting of renewable energy in areas/conditions where other conversion systems are less efficient, less convenient or not possible." Does this mean that all the activities should rely on renewable energy, or is it sufficient that only one of the three technologies is based on harvesting of renewable energy?

  • The focus lays on renewable energy. Though, the text also includes waste/unused excess energy. This should be in line with the expected outcome from section B. 

Q4. 
The outcomes in B include "heat/cold generation from electricity" and "applications in areas such as industrial, automotive …". 
Should this be linked to renewable energy? As an example, should the electricity for heating/cooling be provided by renewable energy?

  • The link to renewable energy is preferable but this is also ok to consider heating/cooling be provided by renewable energy. 

Q5. 
In Scope (1) first bullet, there is explicit mention of "applications in energy waste recovery (e.g., industry,…)". 
Does this mean that energy harvesting is really not limited to renewable energy as stated in the first sentence?

  • Indeed, this is right, energy harvesting is really not limited to renewable energy

Q6. 
Which and how many outcomes should be the focus of the research project? Is it correct to choose (at least) three outcomes from the bullet-pointed list made of A plus B?

  • The text specifies: “The results are expected to contribute to at least three of the outcomes in A and B”, i.e.: at least 1A & 2B or 2A & 1 B.

Q7.

Which and how many pilots should be developed during the research project? / how can we develop three pilots in three different EU Member States/Associated Countries?

  • Validation/demonstration of the activities developed in (1) with at least one pilot for each technology in different EU Member States/Associated Countries.

HORIZON-CL5-2023-D3-03-01: Increasing the efficiency of innovative static energy conversion devices for electricity and heat/cold generation

Q1. 
What is the contextual meaning of Expected Outcome, sentence 2: "The results are expected to contribute to at least three of the outcomes in A and B". For one project, does it mean that we have to cover at least three different technologies from the A list? (E.g. Thermoelectric, Thermovoltaic, and Thermionic.) Or could we combine three bullet points ("technologies") from A and B? (E.g. Thermoelectric, heat recovery, heat/cold generation from electricity.)

  • The text specifies: “The results are expected to contribute to at least three of the outcomes in A and B”, i.e.: at least 1A & 2B or 2A & 1 B.

Q2. 
When defining the technologies in A, the bullet point list is of "energy conversion devices using physical effects such as"…
Does the wording "such as" mean that other physical effects/technologies than the five ones listed in A could be within the scope? 
One example could be the magnetocaloric effect, which is very similar to the electrocaloric effect.

  • Yes, other physical effects/technologies than the five ones listed in A could be within the scope. Other physical effect/technologies addressed should be “in line” with the examples given.

Q3. 
The Expected Outcome starts with the following sentence: "Projects are expected to develop further the harvesting of renewable energy in areas/conditions where other conversion systems are less efficient, less convenient or not possible." Does this mean that all the activities should rely on renewable energy, or is it sufficient that only one of the three technologies is based on harvesting of renewable energy?

  • The focus lays on renewable energy. Though, the text also includes waste/unused excess energy. This should be in line with the expected outcome from section B. 

Q4. 
The outcomes in B include "heat/cold generation from electricity" and "applications in areas such as industrial, automotive …". 
Should this be linked to renewable energy? As an example, should the electricity for heating/cooling be provided by renewable energy?

  • The link to renewable energy is preferable but this is also ok to consider heating/cooling be provided by renewable energy. 

Q5. 
In Scope (1) first bullet, there is explicit mention of "applications in energy waste recovery (e.g., industry,…)". 
Does this mean that energy harvesting is really not limited to renewable energy as stated in the first sentence?

  • Indeed, this is right, energy harvesting is really not limited to renewable energy

Q6. 
Which and how many outcomes should be the focus of the research project? Is it correct to choose (at least) three outcomes from the bullet-pointed list made of A plus B?

  • The text specifies: “The results are expected to contribute to at least three of the outcomes in A and B”, i.e.: at least 1A & 2B or 2A & 1 B.

Q7.

Which and how many pilots should be developed during the research project? / how can we develop three pilots in three different EU Member States/Associated Countries?

  • Validation/demonstration of the activities developed in (1) with at least one pilot for each technology in different EU Member States/Associated Countries.

HORIZON-CL5-2023-D3-03-01: Increasing the efficiency of innovative static energy conversion devices for electricity and heat/cold generation

Q1. 
What is the contextual meaning of Expected Outcome, sentence 2: "The results are expected to contribute to at least three of the outcomes in A and B". For one project, does it mean that we have to cover at least three different technologies from the A list? (E.g. Thermoelectric, Thermovoltaic, and Thermionic.) Or could we combine three bullet points ("technologies") from A and B? (E.g. Thermoelectric, heat recovery, heat/cold generation from electricity.)

  • The text specifies: “The results are expected to contribute to at least three of the outcomes in A and B”, i.e.: at least 1A & 2B or 2A & 1 B.

Q2. 
When defining the technologies in A, the bullet point list is of "energy conversion devices using physical effects such as"…
Does the wording "such as" mean that other physical effects/technologies than the five ones listed in A could be within the scope? 
One example could be the magnetocaloric effect, which is very similar to the electrocaloric effect.

  • Yes, other physical effects/technologies than the five ones listed in A could be within the scope. Other physical effect/technologies addressed should be “in line” with the examples given.

Q3. 
The Expected Outcome starts with the following sentence: "Projects are expected to develop further the harvesting of renewable energy in areas/conditions where other conversion systems are less efficient, less convenient or not possible." Does this mean that all the activities should rely on renewable energy, or is it sufficient that only one of the three technologies is based on harvesting of renewable energy?

  • The focus lays on renewable energy. Though, the text also includes waste/unused excess energy. This should be in line with the expected outcome from section B. 

Q4. 
The outcomes in B include "heat/cold generation from electricity" and "applications in areas such as industrial, automotive …". 
Should this be linked to renewable energy? As an example, should the electricity for heating/cooling be provided by renewable energy?

  • The link to renewable energy is preferable but this is also ok to consider heating/cooling be provided by renewable energy. 

Q5. 
In Scope (1) first bullet, there is explicit mention of "applications in energy waste recovery (e.g., industry,…)". 
Does this mean that energy harvesting is really not limited to renewable energy as stated in the first sentence?

  • Indeed, this is right, energy harvesting is really not limited to renewable energy

Q6. 
Which and how many outcomes should be the focus of the research project? Is it correct to choose (at least) three outcomes from the bullet-pointed list made of A plus B?

  • The text specifies: “The results are expected to contribute to at least three of the outcomes in A and B”, i.e.: at least 1A & 2B or 2A & 1 B.

Q7.

Which and how many pilots should be developed during the research project? / how can we develop three pilots in three different EU Member States/Associated Countries?

  • Validation/demonstration of the activities developed in (1) with at least one pilot for each technology in different EU Member States/Associated Countries.

HORIZON-CL5-2023-D3-03-01: Increasing the efficiency of innovative static energy conversion devices for electricity and heat/cold generation

Q1. 
What is the contextual meaning of Expected Outcome, sentence 2: "The results are expected to contribute to at least three of the outcomes in A and B". For one project, does it mean that we have to cover at least three different technologies from the A list? (E.g. Thermoelectric, Thermovoltaic, and Thermionic.) Or could we combine three bullet points ("technologies") from A and B? (E.g. Thermoelectric, heat recovery, heat/cold generation from electricity.)

  • The text specifies: “The results are expected to contribute to at least three of the outcomes in A and B”, i.e.: at least 1A & 2B or 2A & 1 B.

Q2. 
When defining the technologies in A, the bullet point list is of "energy conversion devices using physical effects such as"…
Does the wording "such as" mean that other physical effects/technologies than the five ones listed in A could be within the scope? 
One example could be the magnetocaloric effect, which is very similar to the electrocaloric effect.

  • Yes, other physical effects/technologies than the five ones listed in A could be within the scope. Other physical effect/technologies addressed should be “in line” with the examples given.

Q3. 
The Expected Outcome starts with the following sentence: "Projects are expected to develop further the harvesting of renewable energy in areas/conditions where other conversion systems are less efficient, less convenient or not possible." Does this mean that all the activities should rely on renewable energy, or is it sufficient that only one of the three technologies is based on harvesting of renewable energy?

  • The focus lays on renewable energy. Though, the text also includes waste/unused excess energy. This should be in line with the expected outcome from section B. 

Q4. 
The outcomes in B include "heat/cold generation from electricity" and "applications in areas such as industrial, automotive …". 
Should this be linked to renewable energy? As an example, should the electricity for heating/cooling be provided by renewable energy?

  • The link to renewable energy is preferable but this is also ok to consider heating/cooling be provided by renewable energy. 

Q5. 
In Scope (1) first bullet, there is explicit mention of "applications in energy waste recovery (e.g., industry,…)". 
Does this mean that energy harvesting is really not limited to renewable energy as stated in the first sentence?

  • Indeed, this is right, energy harvesting is really not limited to renewable energy

Q6. 
Which and how many outcomes should be the focus of the research project? Is it correct to choose (at least) three outcomes from the bullet-pointed list made of A plus B?

  • The text specifies: “The results are expected to contribute to at least three of the outcomes in A and B”, i.e.: at least 1A & 2B or 2A & 1 B.

Q7.

Which and how many pilots should be developed during the research project? / how can we develop three pilots in three different EU Member States/Associated Countries?

  • Validation/demonstration of the activities developed in (1) with at least one pilot for each technology in different EU Member States/Associated Countries.

HORIZON-CL5-2023-D3-03-01: Increasing the efficiency of innovative static energy conversion devices for electricity and heat/cold generation

Q1. 
What is the contextual meaning of Expected Outcome, sentence 2: "The results are expected to contribute to at least three of the outcomes in A and B". For one project, does it mean that we have to cover at least three different technologies from the A list? (E.g. Thermoelectric, Thermovoltaic, and Thermionic.) Or could we combine three bullet points ("technologies") from A and B? (E.g. Thermoelectric, heat recovery, heat/cold generation from electricity.)

  • The text specifies: “The results are expected to contribute to at least three of the outcomes in A and B”, i.e.: at least 1A & 2B or 2A & 1 B.

Q2. 
When defining the technologies in A, the bullet point list is of "energy conversion devices using physical effects such as"…
Does the wording "such as" mean that other physical effects/technologies than the five ones listed in A could be within the scope? 
One example could be the magnetocaloric effect, which is very similar to the electrocaloric effect.

  • Yes, other physical effects/technologies than the five ones listed in A could be within the scope. Other physical effect/technologies addressed should be “in line” with the examples given.

Q3. 
The Expected Outcome starts with the following sentence: "Projects are expected to develop further the harvesting of renewable energy in areas/conditions where other conversion systems are less efficient, less convenient or not possible." Does this mean that all the activities should rely on renewable energy, or is it sufficient that only one of the three technologies is based on harvesting of renewable energy?

  • The focus lays on renewable energy. Though, the text also includes waste/unused excess energy. This should be in line with the expected outcome from section B. 

Q4. 
The outcomes in B include "heat/cold generation from electricity" and "applications in areas such as industrial, automotive …". 
Should this be linked to renewable energy? As an example, should the electricity for heating/cooling be provided by renewable energy?

  • The link to renewable energy is preferable but this is also ok to consider heating/cooling be provided by renewable energy. 

Q5. 
In Scope (1) first bullet, there is explicit mention of "applications in energy waste recovery (e.g., industry,…)". 
Does this mean that energy harvesting is really not limited to renewable energy as stated in the first sentence?

  • Indeed, this is right, energy harvesting is really not limited to renewable energy

Q6. 
Which and how many outcomes should be the focus of the research project? Is it correct to choose (at least) three outcomes from the bullet-pointed list made of A plus B?

  • The text specifies: “The results are expected to contribute to at least three of the outcomes in A and B”, i.e.: at least 1A & 2B or 2A & 1 B.

Q7.

Which and how many pilots should be developed during the research project? / how can we develop three pilots in three different EU Member States/Associated Countries?

  • Validation/demonstration of the activities developed in (1) with at least one pilot for each technology in different EU Member States/Associated Countries.

HORIZON-CL5-2023-D3-02-07: Development of next generation advanced biofuel technologies

With regards to the sentence: “The new technologies should also address specifically uses in fuel cells for all transport modes for electricity generation from biofuels used as renewable energy carriers with high conversion efficiency and low pollution.”

Q: What is the purpose of “electricity generation”? 
R: The purpose is to use biofuel in the fuel cell

Q: What is the expected use of the electricity generated? 
R: Powering any transport powertrain based on fuel cells

Q: Is it required to address uses in one type of fuel cell or in several types of fuel cells? 
R: This is not specified as a requirement but at least one type is expected to be tested

Q: What does “for all transport modes” refer to? 
R: Road, aviation, maritime (fuel cells types)

Q: Must the biofuel be for all transport modes? 
R: No, but all transport modes are included – the choice is for the proposal developer
 

HORIZON-CL5-2023-D3-02-11 Advanced concepts for crystalline Silicon technology

Question: In the Scope of the Call it is required that proposals develop architectures approaching the theoretical efficiency limit of c-Si cells with the use of 5 technologies. It is not clear if ALL of them should be addressed, or if the applicant should focus on ONE (or some) of them.

  • Reply:  Proposers are expected to address the best combination of/ as many as possible options from those mentioned or additional ones.
     

HORIZON-CL5-2023-D3-01-01: Renewable Energy Valleys to increase energy security while accelerating the green transition in Europe

Question 1:  How much energy /heat is expected to be generated within the REV living lab? 
Reply: The RE valley must demonstrate in real life conditions the sustainable and cost-effective production and storage of renewable energy in a local, peri-urban or regional community. Thus the energy (power, heat and fuel) to be produced should satisfy such needs annually, which vary depending on the size of the community and no exact amount can be defined a-priori.

Question 2: Does the  REV living lab needs to be one flagship site or be composed of several sites to demonstrate different "geography and climate" across several usage cases  (e.g., "buildings, mobility, industry, industrial parks")?
Reply: The RE valley can be either distinct but combined systems or unique poly-generation systems (i.e., in the same infrastructure) to deliver multiple energy carriers from combined renewable energy resources and technologies in order to serve the local community for its different energy end uses. Consideration of different potentials in terms of geography, climate and natural resources in the concept design means that the RE valley concept design should be customized on the local conditions.

Question 3:  If we want to set up a  REV living lab  in a large city, we could supply energy, heat, and cooling for a part of that city; however, we cannot fully cover the local energy needs on an annual basis of the entire city. Does this requirement prevents from setting up a  REV living lab  in a large city?
Reply: According to the call text, ‘peri-urban settings’ are in the scope. Therefore, the living lab is not necessarily expected to cover fully the energy needs of an entire city, but of part of it. Indeed, as it is not reasonable to set up a demonstration project such as the RE valley in a scale which falls beyond demonstration. A large city will be the next step in up-scaling the RE valley concepts from a small community to a bigger one.

Question 4 With regards to the definition of living labs, what is the size/scale expected and can they include existing infrastructure or not?
Reply:
  The definition of living lab itself is well known (Wikipedia: The Living Lab is a methodology where citizens, residents and users are considered key players in the research and innovation process.) The topic itself does not specify a size but it should be relevant to be able to demonstrate the concept of REV.
From the topic scope:
Renewable energy valleys (REV) are understood as decentralised renewable energy systems that offer a viable and efficient solution to the challenges of ramping up the production of green energy, diversify our energy supplies, and reduce our demand for fossil gas, coal and oil. REV are fully covering the local energy needs on an annual basis. For example, local production and consumption, reduced transmission and distribution losses thanks to the reliance on local networks for energy needs, greater operational flexibility and reduced dependence on expensive fuel imports all contribute to a higher energy autonomy, a more secure supply, and lower, more stable overall energy costs, including for individual citizens. In addition, REV can alleviate a part of the load on the centralised grid and avoids blockages by the capacity of the grid.
Therefore the size is linked to what can be achieved, fulfilling the bold sentence.

HORIZON-CL5-2023-D3-01-08: demonstration of sustainable tidal energy farms

Question: The call text states that the project should “operate the farm at least 2 years in the lifetime of the project”. Does that mean that the complete 4MW should be operated for 2 full years, or is it acceptable that the farm is launched incrementally, and that the 2 years of farm operation can be counted from the moment that 2 systems are grid connected?

Reply: The call text indicates that the project is expected to deploy a tidal energy farm with a minimum capacity of 4 MW and to operate this farm (minimum 4 MW) at least 2 years in the lifetime of the project. A minimum of 4 MW should be operated for 2 full years and after the project it is expected that the farm will continue to be operated for at least 8 years.
 

HORIZON-CL5-2023-D3-01-15 Supporting the green and digital transformation of the energy ecosystem and enhancing its resilience through the development and piloting of AI-IoT Edge-cloud and platform solutions

Please note that the option to use “Financial Support to Third Parties” (FSTP) mentioned in the scope of the topic HORIZON-CL5-2023-D3-01-15 is confirmed. The submission platform will be amended in the coming days to allow declaring the FSTP amounts in the budget table (Part A / online form) of the proposals, and an additional upload slot will be added for the more detailed explanation of the use of FSTP by applicants. The information template for this additional annex is now available on the F&T portal page (link) and will be added soon to the downloadable annexes of the Submission system.

HORIZON-CL5-2023-D2-01-05: Hybrid electric energy storage solutions for grid support and charging infrastructure (Batt4EU Partnership)

In relation to the sentence from the topic text: “The objective is to design and demonstrate in at least three different use cases a Hybrid Energy Storage System (HESS)…”
Question: Is it meant that one prototype/design of HESS solution is developed within the project and the same solution is demonstrated in three different use cases or is it expected to develop three different systems? Can all use cases be demonstrated in the same demo (location)?

  • Reply: There is no hard restrictions on where or how the demos take place, the emphasis is more on the relevance and efficiency of the demonstrations. The choice will need to be justified, and will be taken into account in the evaluation procedure.

Question: In relation to the storage system: is hydrogen storage considered as one of the possible storage systems?

  • Reply:  Hydrogen is indeed eligible as one of the electrochemical storage systems. However, it should be underlined that, as the focus of the topic is on electrical storage, only solutions combining hydrogen with fuel cells will be taken into account. Any other uses of hydrogen storage are outside the scope of the topic.

HORIZON-CL5-2023-D5-01-18: Advanced transport emissions monitoring network

Question 1Do all 24 monitoring stations have to be able to individually monitor all pollutants (including emerging pollutants such as ammonia) on a real-time basis, providing it with real-time data?

Reply:  Yes, we expect all stations to include all pollutants with 24/7 hr monitoring given that solutions exist (unless you are thinking of ammonia particulate, we mean gaseous NH3 from car exhausts) and a running project is developing such stations.

Question 2Some cities/districts already have state of the art measuring infrastructure installed (often linked to previous, similar research projects); does the project allow cooperation with said cities to counter this investment cost?

Reply:  Yes, provided that the measuring requirements are in accordance to these specified in the call text. Moreover, for new installations , we expect the cost to be amortised with time since the monitoring stations are expected to stay in the cities beyond the duration of the project.

Question 3Can the chosen measurement configuration vary among cities within the same project, tailored to the cities’ characteristics and coordinated as such with city authorities?

Reply: We expect that modelling will allow to perform the connection with exposure, and source data are needed to feed such modelling, while allowing to provide data for acute exposure in traffic sites, while the contrary is not straightforward: therefore the exact positioning and configuration of the monitoring system(s) is left up to the consortium, provided it complies with the requirements mentioned in the call.

HORIZON-CL5-2023-D5-01-18: Advanced transport emissions monitoring network

Question 1Do all 24 monitoring stations have to be able to individually monitor all pollutants (including emerging pollutants such as ammonia) on a real-time basis, providing it with real-time data?

Reply:  Yes, we expect all stations to include all pollutants with 24/7 hr monitoring given that solutions exist (unless you are thinking of ammonia particulate, we mean gaseous NH3 from car exhausts) and a running project is developing such stations.

Question 2Some cities/districts already have state of the art measuring infrastructure installed (often linked to previous, similar research projects); does the project allow cooperation with said cities to counter this investment cost?

Reply:  Yes, provided that the measuring requirements are in accordance to these specified in the call text. Moreover, for new installations , we expect the cost to be amortised with time since the monitoring stations are expected to stay in the cities beyond the duration of the project.

Question 3Can the chosen measurement configuration vary among cities within the same project, tailored to the cities’ characteristics and coordinated as such with city authorities?

Reply: We expect that modelling will allow to perform the connection with exposure, and source data are needed to feed such modelling, while allowing to provide data for acute exposure in traffic sites, while the contrary is not straightforward: therefore the exact positioning and configuration of the monitoring system(s) is left up to the consortium, provided it complies with the requirements mentioned in the call.

HORIZON-CL5-2023-D5-01-02 Innovative battery management systems for next generation vehicles (2ZERO & Batt4EU Partnership)

Question: Does the topic require a BMS belonging to a battery mounted on a vehicle, tested in the appropriate environment of relevance? For example, if using a car from a car sharing fleet as use case, is the test to be carried out on a urban route ? Alternatively, can the test be carried out in a simulated environment that reproduces real conditions? 

Reply:  HORIZON-CL5-2023-D5-01-02 is a joint topic between 2Zero and BATT4EU partnership, with main aim to advances the design, functioning and data accessibility of an efficient battery management system (BMS), expected to achieve at least TRL 6 by the end of the project. Validation is to be done ‘under real driving conditions', thus solution(s) are expected to be demonstrated in a car (which has the most demanding requirements in the expected impacts) in the appropriate environment, and not only by simulation.
 

HORIZON-CL5-2023-D1-02-01: EU-China international cooperation on data and model development for pathways to carbon neutrality: focusing on decarbonisation, energy efficiency and socio-economic implications of the transition.

The topic specifies, among other things, that actions should: “Consider different geographical scales and the role of cities in the transition pathways.”

Question:   Could you give further interpretation of the “role of cities”? This could mean several things. On the one hand it could be interpreted as including city governments as stakeholders in the process of developing models and/or policy recommendations, on the other hand this could be interpreted to mean focusing on urban areas as such in the modelling. Or both of those things. 

  • Reply: Both interpretations are indeed applicable in this case. This issue was left open intentionally so that consortia could see what the best way would be to include and cover this particular aspect. This can happen e.g. through modelling that considers the city scale, but it could also be tackled in different ways, such as doing a case study or involving stakeholders that work on the city (rather than the national) level.
     

HORIZON-CL5-2023-D2-01-05: Hybrid electric energy storage solutions for grid support and charging infrastructure (Batt4EU Partnership)

Question: In relation to the storage system: is hydrogen storage considered as one of the possible storage systems?

Reply:  Hydrogen is indeed eligible as one of the electrochemical storage systems. However, it should be underlined that, as the focus of the topic is on electrical storage, only solutions combining hydrogen with fuel cells will be taken into account. Any other uses of hydrogen storage are outside the scope of the topic.

 

Topic HORIZON-CL5-2023-D5-01-18: Advanced transport emissions monitoring networks

 

Question 1: Is the call expecting that projects deliver emissions for all of the 24 locations across the 8 cities in a continuous mode? Or is it sufficient to perform 24/7 monitoring of air pollutant concentrations in at least 24 locations and sporadic measurement of emissions in some locations? According to current cost estimates from different providers, it would basically consume the majority of the budget to do both in a continuous monitoring mode.

 

  • Reply: . Both noise and pollutants should be measured in real time in 8 cities as prescribed in the text. It’s  up to the applicants to propose the exact number of stations, the sampling rate,  and any modelling that might be required to balance the number of measuring locations in order to cover the entire city. Regarding the cost, in general we want that investment to last longer than the duration of the project and that’s why the involvement of cities is sought. An amortisation rate should be applied to the project duration.

 

 

Question 2: In the scope of the call text, it is mentioned that ‘exhaust and non-exhaust sources contribute significantly to total traffic related PM10 emissions, thus it is important to monitor both these categories of pollutant emissions, while differentiating their contribution to PN’. This would seem to imply that source apportionment is expected. Is this true? Is it limited to this case of PM10 exhaust/non-exhaust? Or, following the methodologies applied in ongoing projects listed in the call text, is there an expectation that source apportionment (real-time or in hindsight) be used to connect measured air pollutant concentrations (monitoring) to emissions to provide policy support in a dynamic way? Stated differently, to comply with expected outcomes, will a project work plan have to include real time source apportionment or can other methods be selected to support policy and, for example, facilitate dynamic traffic management strategies?

 

  • Reply: Monitoring both exhaust and non-exhaust pollutant emissions is needed to reach the expected outcomes of the topic. It’s up to the consortium to come up with a strategy to achieve those outcomes -we refrain from prescribing specific methods as non-unique solutions may exist.

 

Topic: HORIZON-CL5-2024-D1-01-03: Paleoclimate science for a better understanding of the short- to long-term evolution of the Earth system

 

Question 1The 1st expected outcome recites "Better process understanding of past climate changes, their variability and interactions with ecosystems, leading to improved Earth system models based on paleoclimate data". What is intended with variability and interactions with ecosystems? What is the temporal scale of reference? Is it referred to a variability from an interannual scale to a multidecadal scale (comparable with the climatic models) or is it referred to a generic variability included in the glacial/interglacial cycles?

 

  • Reply: The temporal scale is not fixed, but should be appropriate to the scope of the topic, which is paleoclimate.  Typically, paleoclimatic records have a (much) lower temporal resolution than annual, but some records may allow reconstructions of a high temporal resolution.  Projects are likely to use multiple lines of evidence, which are likely to differ in many respects, including their temporal scale (period covered) and resolution. This also relates to interactions with ecosystems, which can vary in temporal scale and resolution from annual (e.g., in the case of dendrochronology or pollen deposits) to multiple millennia (e.g., in the case of biome shifts associated with glacial cycles). 

 

Question 2Concerning the 2nd expected outcome "Assessment of driving and feedback mechanisms (e.g., the carbon cycle evolution and water cycle process), and precise timing and dynamics of deglaciation and glaciation.", if Earth System Models have to be used, it is unlikely that an organisation may realize a simulation that is as long as to cover glacial and interglacial cycles at a resolution sufficiently high to allow the variability study at high frequency and with ecosystemic impacts (as requested in the other bullet points). Given the current technological state of the art, these simulations are impossible to carry out due to limited computational capacity. How can this be solved?

 

  • Reply: As in the case of the first point, it should be interpreted in context.  The research should contribute to the improvement of Earth system models (as mentioned in the first bullet), but that does not mean that the outcome mentioned in the second bullet should be chieved via Earth system models, let alone that it should be done only through those.  Multiple methods and lines of evidence can be used, which can contribute through various ways, such as better data or better process understanding

HORIZON-CL5-2023-D2-01-05: Hybrid electric energy storage solutions for grid support and charging infrastructure (Batt4EU Partnership)

Question: In relation to the storage system: is hydrogen storage considered as one of the possible storage systems?

Reply:  Hydrogen is indeed eligible as one of the electrochemical storage systems. However, it should be underlined that, as the focus of the topic is on electrical storage, only solutions combining hydrogen with fuel cells will be taken into account. Any other uses of hydrogen storage are outside the scope of the topic.

 

HORIZON-CL5-2024-D1-01-01: Enhanced quantification and understanding of natural and anthropogenic methane emissions and sinks

Question: The Scope mentions “carefully selected European land sites and European sea sites”, does this mean including any non-European sites in the activities is not allowed or at least discouraged?

  • Reply: The focus should be on Europe, in support of better understanding of European sinks and sources.  However, other sites are not excluded and may even be desirable, e.g. for better process understanding, as reference areas or to support the expected outcome “Enhanced science base in Europe to perform global and regional (European) scale high-resolution assessment…”.

Question: The first bullet under Scope mentions “…over different Earth’s ecosystems (terrestrial, terrestrial-aquatic continuum, and marine sub-seafloor)”, is it required to include all the ecosystems included in the brackets?

  • Reply: The list should be seen as indicative, not the least because they represent broad categories and not exhaustive. The important thing is to include different ecosystems in support of the overall objectives (better process understanding and quantification).